An Investigation of the Thermal Performance of a Tropical Greenhouse Constructed With an Earth Air Heat Exchanger

To maintain optimum plant growth temperature (i.e., 25–35 °C), the thermal performance of an earth air tunnel heat exchanger (EATHE)-integrated single-span saw-tooth greenhouse (GH) was assessed in peak summer. With the side and roof vents opened, natural ventilation due to wind and stack effect controlled the air movement and temperature inside the GH. In this configuration, the average temperature inside the GH remained higher than the ambient temperature by 1.5 °C for the entire period of the experiment. For EATHE (installed at a depth of 3.2 m) assisted GH with polyethylene (PE) cover, the air from the EATHE outlet entered inside the GH at 33 °C, and the average temperature within the GH was maintained at 4 °C lower than the ambient temperature. When the shading net was installed over the PE cover with the EATHE, the transmitted radiations into the GH were reduced from the roof, and the inside temperature was maintained 7 °C below the average ambient temperature (i.e., 45 °C). The measured temperatures along the length of the EATHE were compared with the indigenously developed code named PEAT (performance analysis of earth–air tunnel) and found to be in good agreement within ±4.5% deviation. The temperature distribution inside the GH was predicted using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model in ansys fluent with ±5% deviation from experimental results. With parametric analysis from the PEAT code and CFD model, the desired depth of the EATHE and the mass flowrate of air required to bring down the GH indoor temperatures to the optimum plant growth range were determined.