... of a concentrating solar furnace. This study establishes how cathode material, solvent, current levels, and operating temperature influence the electrolytic cell’s performance. For a nominal current density of 0.1 A cm − 2 at temperatures from 1275 to 1425 K, we found that our performance parameters, the back work...

... effectiveness η dyn dynamic viscosity, Pa   s κ permeability, m 2 Indices A air c critical in inlet out outlet S sand 03 12 2009 25 10 2010 07 04 2011 07 04 2011 furnaces heat exchangers high...

... from a solar furnace, the method significantly decreased the difference in the temperature measurements of two single color pyrometers. Simulated temperature data with both random noise and systematic errors are used to demonstrate that the method successfully converges to surface emissivity values...

... and residence time on hydrogen conversion was measured for furnace set point temperatures of 1023 K and 1073 K . The yield of ZnO aerosol was measured in situ using a scanning differential mobility sizer. The composition and morphology of the solid product were characterized with X-ray diffraction...

...J. M. Badie; L. Cassan; B. Granier; S. Agudelo Florez; F. Chejne Janna Temperature measurements of the gas phase surrounding the hot front during material processing at the focus of a high concentration solar furnace can be achieved by coupled emission and absorption optical spectroscopy...

...Charles W. Forsberg; Per F. Peterson; Haihua Zhao Liquid-fluoride-salt heat transfer fluids are proposed to raise the heat-to-electricity efficiencies of solar power towers to about 50%. The liquid salt would deliver heat from the solar furnace at temperatures between 700 ° C and 850 ° C...

... in a solar furnace. The objective was to generate input data which are necessary for designing the scaled up reactor, such as the effect of process temperature ( 1100 - 1300 ° C ) and carrier gas ( N 2 and CO) on the overall reaction rate. Furthermore, construction materials were tested and a variety...

... of solar-blind conditions and experimental measurements that have been carried out at the Odeillo Solar Furnace (IMP-CNRS). The aim here is to test different experimental configurations that can conceptually eliminate the reflected part of the concentrated solar flux. These configurations would allow near...

... emissivity have an impact on these measurements. As an approach to solve this problem, we developed a new system that uses the UV-B wavelength range for pyrometry. Simulations and measurements on blackbodies and on real hot bodies heated in the DLR Solar Furnace specified the final measurement wavelength...

... and 50 g/h carbon nanotubes. We designed a 50 kW solar reactor using our experimental and modeled results; the target was a 6 cm o.d. graphite rod. It was tested at the focus of the 1 MW Odeillo solar furnace with a power density ranging from 600 W / cm 2 to 920 W / cm 2...

...Jens Kaluza and; Andreas Neumann At the DLR Solar Furnace, calorimeters or circular foil radiometers are used for calibrating video camera based flux mapping systems. For many years, we have been investigating the accuracy of these devices and have undertaken several efforts to check...

...Stefan Kra¨upl; Aldo Steinfeld The co-production of Zn and synthesis gas by the combined reduction of ZnO and reforming of CH 4 has been performed using a vortex-flow chemical reactor in a high-flux solar furnace. The reactor operating temperature ranged between 1221 and 1481 K for an input solar...

... Jul 2000 01 Jan 2001 solar energy concentrators solar absorber-convertors furnaces temperature measurement pyrometers Accurate temperature information at high temperatures is crucial for process control in solar chemistry as well as in many other different fields (metallurgy...

...T. Guillard; G. Flamant; D. Laplaze Experimental results with a 2 kW solar furnace, in a wide range of vaporization rates (0.1–4 g/h), under variable pressure and flow rate of argon, are used with numerical simulation to define key parameters for large scale synthesis of fullerenes with solar...

...Karl-Heinz Funken; Martin Roeb; Peter Schwarzboezl; Heiko Warnecke To check the feasibility of solar thermal remelting of aluminum scrap a directly absorbing rotary kiln receiver-reactor was constructed for experimentation in a mini-plant scale in the DLR high flux solar furnace. Conventionally...

... about a third of the energy contained in the fuel used to generate electricity enters the process. Thus, for materials produced electrolytically or in an electric furnace, the energy cost dominates the cost of the final product. By contrast, highly-concentrated solar energy is capable of supplying large...

... conditions was established by using a pulsed-feed of methane to carry out the particles of ZnO. Using this technique, nearly stoichiometric operation was demonstrated with a prototype reactor in a high-flux solar furnace, thereby opening up a means for efficient conversion of sunlight into chemical fuels...

...Anke Weidenkaff; Armin Reller; Aldo Steinfeld The thermal extraction of zinc from its ore willemite, Zn 2 SiO 4 , is investigated using concentrated solar energy. Experiments conducted at above 1750 K in a high-flux solar furnace yielded the products Zn(g), O 2 , and SiO 2 l . Analysis...

... ENGINEERING . Manuscript received by the ASME Solar Energy Division, Apr. 2000; final revision, Nov. 2000. Associate Editor: D. M. Blake. 01 Apr 2000 01 Nov 2000 solar absorber-convertors solar heating furnaces solar energy concentrators photochemistry graphitisation transition...