Analytical solutions for the lateral buckling of pipelines exist for the case when the pipe material remains in the linearly elastic range. However for truly high temperatures and/or heavier flowlines, plastic deformation cannot be excluded. One then has to resort to finite element analyses, as no analytical solutions are available. This paper does not provide such an analytical solution, but it does show that if the finite element solution has been calculated once, then that solution can be scaled so that it applies for any other values of the design parameters. Thus the finite element solution need only be calculated once and for all. Thereafter, other solutions can be calculated by scaling the finite element solution using simple analytical formulas. However, the shape of the moment-curvature relation must not change. That is, the moment-curvature relation must be a scaled version of the moment-curvature relation for the reference problem, where different scale factors may be applied to the moment and curvature. This paper goes beyond standard dimensional analysis (as justified by the Bucklingham Π theorem), to establish a stronger scalability result, and uses it to develop simple formulas for the lateral buckling of any pipeline made of elastic-plastic material. The paper includes the derivation of the scaling result, the application procedure, the reference solution for an elastic-perfectly plastic pipe, and an example to illustrate how this reference solution can be used to calculate the lateral buckling response for any elastic-perfectly plastic pipe.

1.
Buckingham
,
E.
, 1915, “
The Principle of Similitude
,”
Nature (London)
,
96
, pp.
396
397
. 0028-0836
2.
Peek
,
R.
, and
Yun
,
H.
, 2004, “
Scaling of Solutions for the Lateral Buckling of Elastic-Plastic Pipelines
,”
Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering
, Vancouver, Canada, Jun. 20–25, Paper No. OMAE 2004-51054.
3.
Riks
,
E.
, and
Rankin
,
C. C.
, 1987, “
Bordered Equations in Continuation Methods: An Improved Solution Technique
,” National Aerospace Laboratory, Report No. NLR MP 87057U.
4.
Kerr
,
A. D.
, 1978, “
Analysis of Thermal Track Buckling in the Lateral Plane
,”
Acta Mech.
0001-5970,
30
, pp.
17
50
.
5.
Hobbs
,
R.
, 1984, “
In-Service Buckling of Heated Pipelines
,”
J. Transp. Eng.
0733-947X,
110
(
2
), pp.
175
189
.
6.
Timoshenko
,
S. P.
, and
Goodier
,
J. N.
, 1970,
Theory of Elasticity
, 3rd ed.,
McGraw-Hill
,
New York
.
You do not currently have access to this content.