...S. R. Darr; J. W. Hartwig; J. Dong; H. Wang; A. K. Majumdar; A. C. LeClair; J. N. Chung Recently, two-phase cryogenic flow boiling data in liquid nitrogen (LN 2 ) and liquid hydrogen (LH 2 ) were compared to the most popular two-phase correlations, as well as correlations used in two of the most...

... , Y. , and Seyed-Yagoobi , J. , 2006 , “ Control of Adiabatic Two-Phase Dielectric Fluid Flow Distribution With EHD Conduction Pumping ,” J. Electrost. , 64 ( 7–9 ), pp. 621 – 627 . 10.1016/j.elstat.2005.10.034 [3] Jeong , S.-I. , and Didion , J. , 2008 , “ Performance...

... is devoted to thermoelectric micro-coolers and two-phase microgap coolers. The advantages and disadvantages of these on-chip cooling solutions for high heat flux hot spots are evaluated and compared. 20 07 2010 02 02 2011 11 04 2012 13 04 2012 hot spot electronics cooling...

...Kyosung Choo; Sung Jin Kim In this study, heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of nonboiling two-phase flow in microchannels were experimentally investigated. The effects of channel diameter (140, 222, 334, and 506 μ m) on the Nusselt number and the pressure drop were considered. Air...

... l liquid loc local out outside pred predicted sat saturation tp two-phase w wall Dimensionless Numbers We Weber number ( G 2 D ) / ( ρ l σ ) Re l o Reynolds number G D / μ l...

... to increase tool life without the disadvantages associated with external cryogenic cooling methods. 25 06 2009 12 01 2010 15 11 2010 15 11 2010 coolants cooling heat exchangers lathes lubricants machining microchannel flow turning (machining) heat transfer two-phase...

..., and implications on the through-silicon-via scaling and electrical interconnect congestion are discussed. Also, the thermal and hydraulic performance of several two-phase refrigerants is discussed in comparison with single-phase cooling. The results show that the large internal pressure and the pumping pressure...

... are established, which predict the existing data well over a wide range of channel sizes, fluids, and operational conditions. Ribatski , G. , Wojtana , L. , and Thome , J. R. , 2006 , “ An Analysis of Experimental Data and Prediction Methods for Two-Phase Frictional Pressure Drop and Flow...

... to allow heating and simultaneous visualization. Flow patterns have been observed along the heated length with the aid of high-speed complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) digital camera. From the flow boiling visualization, seven distinct two-phase flow patterns have been observed: isolated bubbly...

...M. M. Awad; S. D. Butt A simple semitheoretical method for calculating the two-phase frictional pressure gradient in porous media using asymptotic analysis is presented. The two-phase frictional pressure gradient is expressed in terms of the asymptotic single-phase frictional pressure gradients...

... hysteresis and thermal history of the heater. 01 04 2008 15 12 2008 05 05 2009 ammonia cooling hysteresis indentation sprays surface roughness heat transfer thermal management electronics cooling two-phase enhanced surfaces hysteresis In light of cooling...

...Dipankar N. Basu; Souvik Bhattacharyya; P. K. Das A model to predict the steady-state behavior of a rectangular two-phase natural circulation loop has been proposed. The analysis employs a one-dimensional two-fluid model to identify various system parameters, with particular emphasis...

... , “ In-Tube Condensation of Halogenated Refrigerants ,” ASHRAE Trans. 0001-2505 , 108 ( 1 ), pp. 146 – 161 . El Hajal , J. , Thome , J. R. , and Cavallini , A. , 2003 , “ Condensation in Horizontal Tubes, Part I: Two-Phase Flow Pattern Map ,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 0017-9310...

.... The analyses showed that the frictional pressure drop characteristics of vertical two-phase flow were much different from that of the horizontal two-phase flow. The microfin tube can be considered as “very rough tube” having the roughness of “fin height.” The data were compared with several correlations...

... the performance of a two-phase (liquid-vapor) breadboard thermal control loop consisting of an EHD conduction pump, condenser, preheater, evaporator, transport lines, and reservoir (accumulator). This study is performed to address the feasibility of the EHD two-phase loop for thermal control of a laser equipment...

... boiling microchannel flow two-phase flow nucleation bubbles boiling channel flow heat transfer instability microscale stability two-phase visualization Presently, many advanced technologies, such as high speed processor chips and electronics components in high power lasers, have...

... to the cathode diffusion layer. A performance number was introduced to quantify losses in the diffusion layer attributed to mass transfer, the presence of liquid water, charge transfer, and heat transfer. The results show a strong two-dimensionality and coupling of the two-phase transport phenomena...

...-dimensional, two-fluid, distributed parameter system mean void fraction (SMVF) model of the time-dependent distribution of liquid and vapor within the two-phase region is developed for predicting these transient characteristics, which it is seen to do quite well, especially when consideration is given...

... November 2004 15 03 2005 boiling two-phase flow nucleation bubbles heat transfer channel flow pattern formation flow separation mass transfer Critical Heat Flux Boiling Flow Heat Transfer Modeling Two-Phase Subcooled flow boiling is the boiling that begins...

... the important characteristics of droplet formation, detachment, and impact observed in the experiments. Sussman , M. , Fatemi , E. , Smereka , P. , and Osher , S. , 1998 , “ Improved Level Set Method for Incompressible Two-Phase Flows ,” Comput. Fluids , 27 (5–6), pp. 663 – 680...