Effect of Side Feed Pressurization on the Dynamic Performance of Gas Foil Bearings: A Model Anchored to Test Data

Comprehensive modeling of gas foil bearings (GFBs) anchored to reliable test data will enable the widespread usage of these bearings into novel high speed turbomachinery applications. GFBs often need a forced cooling gas flow, axially fed through one end of the bearing, for adequate thermal management. This paper presents rotordynamic response measurements on a rigid rotor supported on GFBs during rotor speed run-up and coastdown tests with the GFBs supplied with increasing feed gas pressures to $2.8bars$⁠. Rotor speed run-up tests to $35krpm$ show that the bearing end side feed gas pressurization delays the onset speed of rotor subsynchronous whirl motions. The test data validate closely the predictions of the threshold speed of instability and the whirl frequency ratio derived from a GFB model that implements the axial evolution of gas circumferential flow velocity as a function of the imposed side feed pressure. Rotor speed coastdown tests from $25krpm$ with a low feed pressure of $0.35bar$ evidence a nearly linear synchronous rotor response for small and moderately large imbalance mass distributions. A structural finite element rotordynamics model integrates linearized synchronous speed GFB force coefficients and predicts synchronous responses, amplitude, and phase angles, agreeing with the test data. The analysis and measurements demonstrate the profound effect of the end side feed gas pressurization on the rotordynamic performance of GFBs.