Recent advances in lean premix gas turbine combustion have focused primarily on increasing thermodynamic efficiency, reducing emissions, and minimizing combustion dynamics. The practical limitation on increasing efficiency at lower emissions is the onset of combustion instability, which is known to occur near the lean flammability limit. In a laboratory environment there are many sensors available that provide the combustion engineer with adequate information about flame stability, but those sensors are generally too expensive or unreliable for widespread application in the field. As a consequence, engines must be commissioned in the field with adequate stability margin such that normally expected component wear, fuel quality, and environmental conditions will not cause the turbine to experience unstable combustion. Woodward Industrial Controls, in cooperation with the National Energy Technology Laboratory, is developing a novel combustion sensor that is integrated into the fuel nozzle such that low cost and long life are achieved. The sensor monitors flame ionization, which is indicative of air–fuel ratio and most importantly flame stability.
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January 2005
Technical Papers
Flame Ionization Sensor Integrated Into a Gas Turbine Fuel Nozzle
Kelly Benson,
Kelly Benson
Woodward Industrial Controls, Ft. Collins, CO 80525
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Jimmy D. Thornton,
e-mail: jthorn@netl.doe.gov
Jimmy D. Thornton
U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV 26507
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Douglas L. Straub,
Douglas L. Straub
U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV 26507
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E. David Huckaby,
E. David Huckaby
U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV 26507
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Geo. A. Richards
Geo. A. Richards
U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV 26507
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Kelly Benson
Woodward Industrial Controls, Ft. Collins, CO 80525
Jimmy D. Thornton
U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV 26507
e-mail: jthorn@netl.doe.gov
Douglas L. Straub
U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV 26507
E. David Huckaby
U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV 26507
Geo. A. Richards
U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV 26507
Contributed by the International Gas Turbine Institute (IGTI) of THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS for publication in the ASME JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER. Paper presented at the International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition, Atlanta, GA, June 16–19, 2003, Paper No. 2003-GT-38470. Manuscript received by IGTI, October 2002, final revision, March 2003. Associate Editor: H. R. Simmons.
J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power. Jan 2005, 127(1): 42-48 (7 pages)
Published Online: February 9, 2005
Article history
Received:
October 1, 2002
Revised:
March 1, 2003
Online:
February 9, 2005
Citation
Benson, K., Thornton, J. D., Straub , D. L., Huckaby , E. D., and Richards , G. A. (February 9, 2005). "Flame Ionization Sensor Integrated Into a Gas Turbine Fuel Nozzle ." ASME. J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power. January 2005; 127(1): 42–48. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1788686
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