... gasoline and the soot model. The combustion and soot generation characteristics of a direct-injection gasoline engine burning hydrous ethanol gasoline using exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) technology are investigated. It is found that the increase of the blending ratio of the hydrous ethanol can accelerate...

... in the exhaust system of gasoline engines during cold start under dynamic driving conditions represents an extraordinary challenge due to an average lower soot concentration in the exhaust gas compared to diesel engines and so far has not been examined in this form. A novel sampling method allows ex situ...

... emissions through the soot propensity profile. The results show that PM emissions increase with the proportional increase of aromatics. The di- and cyclo-aromatics produced significantly higher PM emissions compared to alkyl-benzenes. 3-Isopropylcumene tends to lowest PM formation and thus...