... at the hole locations. The model satisfactorily predicts the resultant collapse shapes but overpredicts the crushed distance. 02 10 2007 02 11 2007 27 04 2009 carbon steel crushing drilling finite element analysis pipes square tubes imperfections multiple circular cut-outs...

... the dynamic axial crushing of the tubes and to investigate the action of the holes during dynamic loading at an impact velocity of 8 m/s. 02 10 2007 02 11 2007 27 04 2009 buckling carbon steel crushing finite element analysis impact (mechanical) pipes thin wall structures...

... for the tested materials is slightly sensitive to the torsion amplitude in dynamic loading, contrary to the quasistatic one. 24 01 2006 22 10 2006 01 05 2008 aluminium buckling carbon steel copper impact (mechanical) mechanical strength plastic flow shells (structures) torsion...

... aluminium carbon steel buckling plastic flow 27 11 2005 24 05 2006 2007 American Society of Mechanical Engineers ...

... spherical caps’ static stability around λ = 4.0 . The base diameter of tested caps is about 176 mm, i.e., much larger than reported in Ref. 4 . carbon steel buckling elasticity elastoplasticity 14 09 2004 18 02 2005 2005 American Society of Mechanical Engineers ...

... element analysis carbon steel For several metals, the transition from elastic to plastic deformation is characterized by a material instability known as Lu¨ders strain . The macroscopic effect of the instability is inhomogeneous deformation. Figure 1 shows a typical response recorded...