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Research Papers

# Experimental Investigation of Rotational Effects on Heat Transfer Enhancement Due to Crossflow-Induced Swirl Using Transient Liquid Crystal Thermography

[+] Author and Article Information
Li Yang

Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Pittsburgh,
Pittsburgh, PA 15261

Prashant Singh

Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Virginia Tech,
635 Prices Fork Road, Goodwin Hall Room 445,
Blacksburg, VA 24061
e-mail: psingh1@vt.edu

Kartikeya Tyagi, Jaideep Pandit, Srinath V. Ekkad

Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Virginia Tech,
Blacksburg, VA 24061

Jing Ren

Department of Thermal Engineering,
Tsinghua University,
Beijing 100084, China

1Corresponding author.

Contributed by the Heat Transfer Division of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS. Manuscript received March 27, 2017; final manuscript received September 25, 2017; published online January 23, 2018. Assoc. Editor: Amir Jokar.

J. Thermal Sci. Eng. Appl 10(3), 031001 (Jan 23, 2018) (10 pages) Paper No: TSEA-17-1093; doi: 10.1115/1.4038538 History: Received March 27, 2017; Revised September 25, 2017

## Abstract

Rotational effects lead to significant nonuniformity in heat transfer (HT) enhancement and this effect is directly proportional to the rotation number ($Ro=ΩD/V)$. Hence, the development of cooling designs, which have less dependence on rotation, is imperative. This paper studied the effect of rotation on crossflow-induced swirl configuration with the goal of demonstrating a new design that has lesser response toward rotational effects. The new design passes coolant from one pass to the second pass through a set of angled holes to induce impingement and swirling flow to generate higher HT coefficients than typical ribbed channels with 180-deg bend between the two passages. Detailed HT coefficients are presented for stationary and rotating conditions using transient liquid crystal (TLC) thermography. The channel Reynolds number based on the channel hydraulic diameter and channel velocity at inlet/outlet ranged from 25,000 to 100,000. The rotation number ranged from 0 to 0.14. Results show that rotation reduced the HT on both sides of the impingement due to the Coriolis force. The maximum local reduction of HT in the present study was about 30%. Rotation significantly enhanced the HT near the closed end because of the centrifugal force and the “pumping” effect, which caused local HT enhancements up to 100%. Compared to U-bend two pass channels, impingement channels had advantages in the upstream channel and the end region, but HT performance was not beneficial on the leading side of the downstream channel.

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## Figures

Fig. 1

Configuration details

Fig. 2

Description of experimental setup, lighting, and camera orientations

Fig. 3

(a) Sample snapshot of liquid crystal color change during transient experiment and (b) repeatability tests carried out under similar test settings

Fig. 4

Detailed normalized Nusselt number Nu/Nu0 for stationary case and Reynolds number ranging from 25,000 to 100,000

Fig. 5

Detailed normalized Nusselt number Nu/Nu0 for stationary and rotating cases at Reynolds number of 25,000

Fig. 6

Detailed normalized Nusselt number Nu/Nu0 for stationary and rotating cases at Reynolds number of 50,000

Fig. 7

Detailed normalized Nusselt number Nu/Nu0 for stationary and rotating cases at Reynolds number of 75,000

Fig. 8

Detailed normalized Nusselt number Nu/Nu0 for stationary and rotating cases at Reynolds number of 100,000

Fig. 9

Experimental data of zone-averaged Nusselt number in the upstream channel under different rotation number

Fig. 10

Experimental data of zone-averaged Nusselt number in the impingement channel under different rotation number

Fig. 11

Comparison of normalized Nusselt number Nu/Nus with Wagner et al. [44,45]

Fig. 12

Validation of Nusselt number predicted by correlations in the impingement channel

## Errata

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